E’ ormai assodato l'aumento sorgenti di campi elettromagnetici (CEM) nella vita quotidiana, questo studio analizza i loro possibili effetti nocivi sulla salute umana sui  i bambini , in particolare è il primo studio sistematico degli effetti dell'esposizione alle sottostazioni elettriche sullo stato della memoria di studenti di sesso maschile nella fascia di età di 10 e 12 anni.

I valori di densità di flusso del campo magnetico sono stati misurati in quattro scuole elementari di Teheran, in conformità con gli standard IEEE STD 644-1994

 Gli studenti di due scuole vicine ad una sottostazione elettrica ad alta tensione (a distanze di 30 e 50 m) sono stati selezionati come gruppo esposto, e gli studenti di altre due scuole a distanze maggiori (di 1390 e 610 m ) che sono stati considerati come gruppo di controllo.

La densità media del campo magnetico era di 0.245 microtesla nelle scuole del primo caso e di 0.164 microtesla nelle scuole di controllo. Le caratteristiche demografiche degli studenti nei due gruppi non erano statisticamente differenti. Tuttavia, la differenza nella memoria di lavoro era significativa al livello del 5%. I risultati dei dati del questionario hanno mostrato che gli studenti del gruppo di controllo hanno avuto una migliore memoria di lavoro rispetto agli studenti in gruppo caso.

I risultati hanno rivelato una correlazione inversa tra densità di flusso magnetico e la memoria di lavoro degli studenti (R = -0,255).

Si è concluso che l'esposizione a campi magnetici può avere un impatto negativo sulla memoria di lavoro dei bambini.

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Environ Monit Assess. 2016 Jun;188(6):355. doi: 10.1007/s10661-016-5358-4. Epub 2016 May 18.

Memory loss risk assessment for the students nearby high-voltage power lines-a case study.

Ghadamgahi M¹, Monazzam MR², Hosseini M³.

Author information

·  ¹Department of Pharmacology & Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University, (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran.

·  ²Department of Occupational Hygiene, School of Public Health and Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

·  ³Department of Physics, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Islamic Azad University- North Tehran Branch and Center for Air Pollution Research (CAPR), Institute for Environmental Research (IER), Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Monirehosseini@ymail.com.

Abstract

With increasing sources of alternating current electromagnetic fields (EMFs) in everyday life, their possible harmful effects on human health are a main area of concern in many countries. Given that children are the most valuable assets of each country, it is of utmost importance to study the effect(s) of EMF exposure on various health aspects of members within this age group. The present research is the first systematic study of the effects of exposure to electric substations on the memory status of male students in the age group of 10 to 12 years. The flux density values of extremely low frequency magnetic field were measured at four elementary schools in Tehran in accordance with IEEE std 644-1994. The device was 3-axis (X, Y, and Z) Gauss Meter, model: TES-1394. The students from two schools nearby a high voltage electricity substation (at distances of 30 and 50 m) were selected as the exposed group, and the students of two other schools at further distances of 1390 and 610 m were considered as the control group. To determine the status of working memory in the students, the questionnaire was adapted from Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children (WISC-IV). The completed questionnaires were analyzed by t test and chi-square using SPSS 20. The average magnetic flux density was 0.245 μT at case schools and 0.164 μT at control schools, P < 0.01. The demographic characteristics of the students in the two groups were not statistically different. However, the difference in working memory was significant at the level of 5 %. The results of the questionnaire data showed that students in the control group had better working memory compared to students in case group. The findings revealed a reverse correlation between magnetic flux density and working memory of students (R = -0.255). It is concluded that extremely low frequency magnetic field exposure may have a negative impact on the working memory of children, but further studies are necessary to reach a definitive conclusion.

FONTE : NCBI- The National Center for Biotechnology Information